KLayout
常用的 GDS/OASIS 查看和编辑工具，也适合做图层检查、简单修改、版图合并、初步 DRC 和 DXF 导入判断。很多课题组会用它先打开加工方要求的 GDS。A common GDS/OASIS viewer and editor for layer checks, light edits, merge work, basic DRC and DXF import review.
版图工具抽屉Layout Drawer
GDS、DXF、Layer、Top cell，先别乱成一锅粥。GDS, DXF, layers and top cells should not become soup.
这里放常用版图工具、格式转换和教程。先把单位、层号、闭合图形这些基础事捋清楚，后面找加工平台或掩膜版供应商会顺很多。Common layout tools, conversion notes and tutorials live here. Units, layers and closed polygons come first.
先把文件看明白Read the File First
画图、看图、转格式，各有各的顺手工具。Drawing, viewing and conversion each have their own tools.
这里优先放官方文档、官方产品页和长期可查的教程。网上教程很多，但版图文件出错时，设备不会因为教程讲得热闹就放你一马。Official docs and durable references come first. A friendly tutorial cannot save a broken layout at the tool.
商业软件需要合法授权；不同加工平台对 GDS、DXF、OASIS、层号和最小线宽的要求不同，正式提交前仍以对方模板为准。Commercial tools require proper licenses, and final submission rules should follow the target platform or vendor.
01 版图工具01 Layout Tools
先知道谁擅长看图，谁擅长画图，谁擅长救火。Know who views, who draws and who helps in a file emergency.
L-Edit / Tanner
Siemens 的商业版物理版图工具，常见于 IC、MEMS、Photonics 版图设计、PDK 流程和 DRC 环境。适合已有授权或走正式 EDA/PDK 流程的项目。Commercial physical layout tools from Siemens, often used in IC, MEMS and photonics layout flows.
LayoutEditor
面向 MEMS、IC 和掩膜版图的编辑器，支持 GDSII、OASIS、OpenAccess、DXF 等格式。适合需要在多种格式之间查看、编辑或转换的场景。A MEMS/IC layout editor supporting GDSII, OASIS, OpenAccess, DXF and other formats.
GDSFactory
Python 参数化版图工具，适合光子、模拟、量子、MEMS 等需要脚本化生成结构、批量改参数或维护器件库的项目。A Python framework for programmatic chip layout, useful for parametric structures and reusable component libraries.
PHIDL
开源 Python GDSII 几何生成工具，适合做周期结构、纳米线、光子结构、超导器件等需要脚本化画图的场景。An open-source Python GDSII geometry tool for scripted nanolithography layouts.
LinkCAD
偏格式转换和修复的商业工具，可在 GDSII、OASIS、DXF、DWG、Gerber、PDF、SVG 等格式之间转换。适合机械 CAD 图转掩膜版图的项目先做格式评估。A CAD translation tool for GDSII, OASIS, DXF, DWG, Gerber, PDF, SVG and other formats.
02 DXF / CAD 到 GDS02 DXF / CAD to GDS
转换前先检查单位、层和图形闭合。Check units, layers and closed polygons before conversion.
只有 DXF / DWGOnly DXF / DWG
先确认单位是微米、毫米还是英寸；线条是否已经闭合成面；每个工艺层是否有明确层名。不要只给开放线、文字和未说明比例的 CAD 图。Confirm units, closed polygons and layer names before sending CAD files.
已经有 GDSAlready Have GDS
优先提交 GDS + PDF 截图 + 层号说明。说明 top cell、关键层、mark、最小线宽/线距和版图总面积；不确定时先看 GDS 版图检查。Submit GDS plus screenshots and layer notes, including top cell, marks, CD/space and area.
需要报价或评估Need Quotation Review
同时给材料堆栈、目标工艺、样品数量、检测方式和验收标准，避免对方只能问一轮又一轮。Add material stack, process target, quantity, metrology and acceptance criteria.
03 教程和参考03 Tutorials
文字教程优先，视频作为辅助。Start with written references; use videos as support.
打开、查看、编辑 GDSOpen, View and Edit GDS
适合第一次接触 GDS、OASIS、DXF 和版图层级的人。For first-time GDS/OASIS/DXF and hierarchy users.
DXF 转 GDS 的常见坑DXF to GDS Pitfalls
重点看单位、闭合多边形、层名到层号、top cell 和多层映射。Watch units, closed polygons, layer mapping, top cells and hierarchy.
光子与参数化版图Photonics and Parametric Layout
适合波导、光栅、MZI、超表面阵列和需要脚本生成 GDS 的项目。For waveguides, gratings, MZI, metasurface arrays and scripted GDS generation.
04 提交前检查04 Before Submission
发给加工方前，先自己过一遍。Run this check before sending files out.
单位确认 GDS/DXF 单位，避免微米、毫米和英寸混用。Confirm microns, millimeters or inches.
Top cell说明最终要加工的 top cell 名称。Specify the final top cell.
Layer列清层号、datatype、层名和对应工艺。List layer/datatype/name and process meaning.
闭合图形线条、文字、圆弧最好转成闭合多边形。Convert lines, text and arcs into closed polygons when needed.
最小尺寸标出最小线宽、线距、周期、孔径和面积。Mark CD, spacing, period, holes and area.
套刻 mark需要二次工艺时，提前说明对准 mark 和容差。Explain alignment marks and overlay tolerance.
材料堆栈写清基底、膜层、厚度、前道状态和限制。State substrate, films, thickness and prior process state.
截图附 PDF/PNG 总览图和关键局部放大图。Attach overview and zoomed screenshots.
需要指导Need Guidance
文件打不开、DXF 转不对、层号看懵了，都可以先问。If the file will not open, DXF converts badly or layers look confusing, ask first.
把现有文件、想做的结构、准备用的工艺、卡住的位置说清楚。我会先判断是继续修文件、重画版图，还是按加工平台模板重新整理。Share the current files, target structure, intended process and stuck point; then we can decide whether to repair, redraw or repackage.
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